Characterization of a Newly Described Scavenger Cell Type in the Meningeal Vasculature

Project Summary

Normal function of the brain vasculature and the clearance of harmful wastes from the brain are central in the progression of Alzheimer's disease. Yet there is much that we do not yet understand about the control of neurovascular function and its role in the clearance of wastes. We have recently identified and described a type of cell that actively scavenges waste and surrounds blood vessels in the meninges, the outer layers surrounding the vertebrate brain. We made this discovery by examining the developing neurovasculature of larval zebrafish with powerful, live-imaging approaches. This project focuses on understanding and manipulating this newly appreciated cell type in the brains of fish and mammals to explore its potential roles in clearance of wastes.

We will carefully determine the role played by this cell type in clearance of waste in aging brains and the potential role of this cell type in neurodegeneration. For this we will use genetic models that lack this cell type. We will apply cutting edge genomic methodologies with single cell resolution to understand how these cells influence the brain. We will also develop three-dimensional electron microscopy maps of brains to observe cellular changes controlled by these scavenger cells in meninges. We will examine the equivalent cell types in mice with cellular resolution genomics and develop new ways to manipulate their functions in disease settings.

This project aims to develop a new understanding of how the brain is cleaned, with the hope that in the future, it might be possible to manipulate these central mechanisms as a new strategy to fight disease progression.